All posts by Paul

I am a self-employed writer, which means I’m working for an idiot who doesn’t pay me enough – but the holidays are great. I’m ex many occupations, from the respectable ‘career-ladder’ to disreputable “somebody’s- got-to-do-it”. All a good way of seeing someone else’s point-of-view. Best job, apart from writing, was dispatch-riding on a motorcycle in the 70s, though I’ve also enjoyed teaching, librarianship, counselling and helping to run a community-centre. Sometimes I’ve looked respectable in a suit, other times a bit more wild and woolly (though still stylish) as a biker. It’s strange how differently people treat you, depending on what you’re wearing. A suit means I’m sometimes addressed as ‘sir’, but in motorcycle leathers I’m always referred to as ‘mate.’ The worst job that I’ve done ? You really don’t want to know, but it was in a processed food manufacturer’s factory – put me off bacon, sausages and quiches for a long time, and made me look at pet food in a new way. I’m very glad that I don’t have any pictures. I’ve been writing since I was eight, when I penned a story about a desert island and attempted to compile a dictionary – as Clarissa does in my short story ‘The Moon Is Out Tonight’. I’ve written for magazines under a variety of pen-names, ghost-written a couple of biographies and had a column in a local newspaper. I used to concentrate on non-fiction of an informative, how-to instructional nature, as I’m a firm believer in the dissemination of knowledge to enable people to do things for themselves. Knowledge is power, and in these troubled times of economic downturn and increased intrusion into our lives by government agencies, its vital to know how to get through. My fictional stories also show people coping and finding ways to survive. I’m based in a Celtic nation, the county of Cornwall or Kernow. I’ve been here for twenty years, and have lived all over the country, as well as abroad in France, Germany, Switzerland, Spain and the U.S.A.

Are Writers Selfish?

It’s undeniable, that to get a book written, an author has to be selfish.

We have to make the time to be alone in our creative space, to open the channels into the fictional world we command. That’s one of the joys of writing, for however confusing things become, we authors are at least able to decide how our stories will play out—unlike real life!

Not that it’s always pleasant to be confronted with a blank page. Nigerian novelist Chinua Achebe compared writing a novel to being imprisoned:

It is like wrestling; you are wrestling with ideas and with the story. There is a lot of energy required. At the same time, it is exciting. So it is both difficult and easy. What you must accept is that your life is not going to be the same while you are writing. I have said in the kind of exaggerated manner of writers and prophets that writing, for me, is like receiving a term of imprisonment — you know that’s what you’re in for, for whatever time it takes.

Prisoners are occasionally visited by family and friends, and like a prisoner the writer needs to make a conscious effort to shake off the hidden world that occupies their thoughts, attempting to return to the reality of everyday living to interact with normal people.

That’s not to say, that writers constantly take pleasure in excluding loved ones, and even strangers, for sitting alone working, tussling with your imagination and confronting your own humanity has a way of throwing you back on yourself. Solitude may help creativity, but it helps to be happy in your own skin.

The commitment we need to write a book is assailed by doubts about its lack of commercial worth. We’ve created something, but if it doesn’t interest anyone and fails to sell itself, we’re effectively non-productive. It helps to have admirers among your relatives and friends, to buoy up your ego.

George Orwell said in Why I Write:

All writers are vain, selfish, and lazy, and at the very bottom of their motives there lies a mystery. Writing a book is a horrible, exhausting struggle, like a long bout of some painful illness. One would never undertake such a thing if one were not driven on by some demon whom one can neither resist nor understand. For all one knows that demon is simply the same instinct that makes a baby squall for attention. And yet it is also true that one can write nothing readable unless one constantly struggles to efface one’s own personality. Good prose is like a windowpane.” 

In 2016, Irish novelist John Banville stirred up a hornet’s nest of recriminations, after declaring that writers are bad fathers.

It’s undeniable, that the 20th-century’s best-selling children’s author, Enid Blyton, was a terrible mother, bringing misery to her daughters. Her writing came first, and she preferred the idea of happy families, rather than making one herself.

We have to be self-centred as writers, but does that make us selfish?

I live a solitary existence, happy to be reclusive. I don’t have a family and no friends who live locally. I made a deliberate decision to leave a town where I’d lived for 15 years, to move to an area new to me, so that I could write without distractions. This could be seen as selfish or egocentric or devoted to my craft.

I’m in regular contact with half a dozen friends, in the U.K., New Zealand and the U.S.A., and three have graciously acted as readers for me. As I’m happier than I’ve been in years, they don’t worry about me being stupidly selfish by doing something that’s frivolous and potentially harmful. I like the devotion and discipline required to be a writer, and freely admit that it’s addictive…but, it’s an addiction that enhances me, and which may benefit readers if they ever discover my stories!

Do you ever worry about being selfish?

What have you given up, to be a writer?

Creativity in Sleep

I like to think that I’m quite a capable director of my dreams. I alter the angle from which I view the action, zooming in for close-ups and panning across the scene. I’ve become adept at recognising when a dream is straying into nightmare territory, waking myself up and consciously thinking of something else as I re-enter sleep.

In the summer of 2013, I began to dream of imaginary scenarios that were plainly meant to be sections of a story or poetry. I’d been through a long and debilitating period of depression, during which I didn’t do very much at all, although my waking hours had become enlivened by titles for stories, phrases and characters’ names popping into my consciousness. That this creativity intruded into my sleep gave me hope, and I was compelled to record some of the ideas. These rapidly expanded into the plots for short stories and novellas. I also began to write poetry, with some verses arriving unbidden while I slept. I can honestly say that writing has been my salvation.

It wasn’t all joy and light, however. In researching the events that went into the back story of a serial killer in my first novel The Perfect Murderer, I read lots on the atrocities committed in Serbia in the 1990s. My villain’s attitudes towards relationships and the taking of lives were formed then, for he was a boy soldier when he first killed. The war crimes that happened then, reawoke my memories of what the Nazis had done. I’d learnt about the Holocaust as a young child, my first realisation of man’s inhumanity to man.

My serial killer is called The Watcher, a nickname that was awarded to him by his fellow soldiers for his patience and observation skills as a sniper. He’s transferred his stalking and camouflage expertise to the fields of Cornwall, and is tracking down and killing victims as part of a bizarre role-playing game. I guess that we’re all a bit paranoid about being watched these days, as we’re all under surveillance of some sort or other. I became even more nervous as The Watcher started to watch me, his creator, as I slept.

I was vaguely aware of his shadowy presence while I dreamed about sections of the novel, my work in progress, but on three occasions he intruded into dreams that were nothing to do with his story. Possibly because I never gave an accurate description of him while writing, he appeared as a silvery wraith form—but he was of menace and about to attack me! I’m a peace-loving man, but can be combative if confronted—so I attacked him back!

This would have been fine, had my belligerence been confined to the dream, but I acted physically. The first time I rolled out of bed, strangling a cushion that I’d been cuddling. Round two, a couple of weeks later, could have damaged my precious laptop, for I head-butted the coffee table that it rests on – I woke as it slid to the floor, just catching it. The worst incident of nocturnal fighting, prompted by my creative mind, involved me kicking The Watcher – or rather the wall next to my bed.

I was rather pleased with my aggression as I drifted back to sleep, though I thought that my big toe would be sore in the morning, as I’d given my assailant a full-blooded punt in the privates. When I went to get up in the morning, I couldn’t put any weight on that foot and the toe was double the size that it should be. Initially, I thought that I’d damaged some tendons or ligaments, but realised after a few days that I’d probably broken a bone. There was a half-inch deep divot in the wall plaster, so this was quite likely. There’s not a lot to be done with such a break, so I rested up for a couple of weeks while limping around pathetically.

Image result for dreaming writer painting

The Nightmare by Henri Fuseli, 1781.

Thankfully, the nightmares never came back, though after recently returning to creative writing following seven months of submitting to agents and publishers, I have had pleasant moments of inspiration while sleeping.

I suppose that at the very least, I could use my night-time fighting as part of the blurb for The Perfect Murderer—“Writing this book scared the author so much that he broke his big toe!”

Have any of you found inspiration in sleep? Various famous authors have been inspired by what they saw in their dreams, including Stephenie Meyer with Twilight, Stephen King with Misery, Robert Louis Stevenson’s Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Richard Bach and his Jonathan Livingston Seagull.

King, in particular, uses dreams as inspiration. He’s been quoted as saying, “I’ve always used dreams the way you’d use mirrors to look at something you couldn’t see head-on, the way that you use a mirror to look at your hair in the back.” He credits his dreams with giving him the concepts for several of his novels and for helping him to solve troublesome moments in the writing of his novel It as well. 

Image result for dreaming about book cartoon

The Ice in a Writer’s Heart

In his autobiography, A Sort of Life, Graham Greene famously said that there was a ‘splinter of ice in the heart of a writer, which allowed them to contemplate tragedy in a dispassionate way and turn it into art. Such self-possession might well repulse people who don’t write.

Ethical considerations must bother many writers: how can we write about tragic and distasteful subjects, without being moved? Are we monsters who exploit unhappiness? Revealing family secrets, even if it’s done in veiled fictional form, could be seen as a shocking betrayal.

Polish poet Czeslaw Milosz reckoned that “When a writer is born into a family, the family is finished.” In recent years, Norwegian author Karl Ove Knausgaard has published a series of six autobiographical novels, titled My Struggle, which have dissected his relationships with family members and friends, leading to deep hurt and rifts. The morality of what he did is open to question—what price fame?—how far is a writer prepared to go in selling his soul down the river?

An ex-girlfriend who he knew for four years, was referred to by the anonymous name of Gunvor in book five. She said, in a newspaper interview: “It was as if he said: Now I’m going to punch you in the face. I know it’s going to hurt, and I will drive you to the hospital afterwards. But I’m going to do it anyway.”

He’s not the sort of person to strike up a friendship with unless you fancy seeing your character shredded on the pages of one of his books!

Any author writes to achieve a certain private emotional satisfaction and to take a stance on difficult aspects of life. We hope to produce a reaction in the reader, while not revealing too much about ourselves, which demands abstraction. I’ve written about some repulsive crimes in my novels, including murder, kidnapping, rape, torture and slavery. I do so, to make points about the state of society, rather than out of a morbid relish for the agony and pain caused by the criminals; some readers may like my stories for those reasons, but that’s out of my control.

I’ve become upset by some of the dreadful atrocities I’ve researched, so much so, that I broke my big toe!

But, it would be remiss of me to write as if I was upset, for the story wouldn’t ring true. My detective protagonist’s response to the crime he’s investigating may well influence the reader. Enough space has to be left, for the reader to decide how they feel.

I deliberately hold back from giving too many gory details, but I’m sure that I’ll offend some people who’ll suggest that I’m exploiting real-life victims in a cold-hearted way. As the old saying goes, “You can please some of the people all of the time, you can please all of the people some of the time, but you can’t please all of the people all of the time”.”

Nevertheless, there are moves afoot in publishing to make books politically correct, through the use of sensitivity readers.

This sounds like a great way of producing homogenised writing, where none of the characters does anything that’s likely to offend anyone, no matter what their race, gender, sexuality, politics, disabilities or ethics. No story will be too hot or too cold, and nor will they be ‘just right‘ (thanks Goldilocks) they’ll just be lukewarm and insipid.

A certain amount of coldness, even political incorrectness and moral ambiguity is essential to bring a chill to the reader, to make them react, to want to know what happens next, to read on….

How cold-hearted are you, when you write?

Do you worry about what people will think about you?

Does your conscience do battle with your desire to tell a story?

Have you ever read anything that made you wonder if the author was a psychopath?

Image result for someecards writing you into my book

Do Writers Look Like Their Books?

You know how it’s said, that people look like their dogs, and vice-versa?

The same can be said of cat owners.

Well, I was wondering if authors resemble the books that they write…could you pick out the sci-fi writers from romance authors and those who pen historical sagas (with a goose quill pen) should you be at a writers’ conference?

I don’t think that I look particularly homicidal, though I’ve been writing crime novels for the last five years. If anything, my long curly hair and beard might lead people to suspect that I’m a sci-fi author or someone who churns out dire outlaw biker thrillers, or maybe non-fiction about counter-culture and rock musicians.

Guessing what someone does for a job is occasionally easy, especially if you’ve hung around with that crowd. It hardly needs Sherlock Holmes’ powers of observation, to identify which people are farmers in a pub bar—their clothing, weather-beaten complexions, footwear and unkempt hairstyles all give them away. I once worked as a barman in an inn that was close to a police station and Crown Court: it was simple to tell the difference between the coppers and the legal eagles, even in plain clothes. There was also a town pub notorious for being fraternised by criminals, and I observed many similarities between ever-watchful and cynical law-breakers and their pursuers, the observant detectives who believe no one’s story.

An author’s appearance can be crucial in helping to market and sell their books. I’ve previously ranted on about how some literary agencies and publishers have a roster of clients that looks like a modelling agency.

All the same, it’s impossible for any of us to escape a tendency to have a stereotypical image of how a genre writer should look. As I contemplate creating an online persona to market my Cornish Detective series, I’ve been wondering daft things, such as should I acquire a long wax-proof coat for my author picture, along with a sturdy walking pole—my protagonist detective has both—for me to be artfully posed on a Bodmin Moor granite crag? Shoot me, now! 

Image result for bodmin moor

These are the sort of things that authors agonise over, as this article about famed photographic portraitist Marion Ettlinger reveals. Sadly, the article doesn’t show her photographs, but here’s a link to her website.

Some of her images hint at what sort of books an author writes, or, at least their stance and clothing suggest their style.

One aspect of marketing that amuses me, is how the dust jacket end flap shows a photograph of the author from 20 years ago, back when his skin was tight and his hair profuse and he didn’t look like one of the Walking Dead. I wonder if the choice is at the author’s insistence (I’m forever young!) or the publicity department is blatantly conning the reading public.

So, do you look like the author of your book?

Could a reader guess that you write fantasy stories?

Do all writers of children’s books look friendly and approachable, open to new experiences—like adult-sized children?

Stealing Book Titles from Great Literature

I recently read Richard Flanagan’s 2014 Man Booker Prize-winning novel The Narrow Road to the Deep North, and curious about the title, I did some investigating and found it comes from a 17th-century Japanese work by poet Matsuo Bashõ, which is considered to be one of the major texts of Japanese literature.

Image result for poet Matsuo Bashõ

It’s a common practice, for authors to lift titles or quotations from literature as titles for their works. There’s a Wikipedia page on the subject.

Quite often, the new book overshadows the source of inspiration. For instance, many more readers know of Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings than the title’s source, Paul Laurence Dunbar’s poem Sympathy.

In my own writing, I inadvertently almost stole a book title. I called my second Cornish Detective novel The Perfect Murderer, which was partly a teasing piece of misdirection made by one of the sinister characters, who described a serial killer in this glowing way when it was actually him who’d perfectly evaded detection.

I was thinking what a clever boy I’d been, when I read a guide to writing by H. R. F. Keating called Writing Crime Fiction, in which he mentioned his first Inspector Ghote novel, that was called The Perfect Murder. It was first published in 1964, but I realised that I’d read it, as well as several other stories in the series while working as a librarian in London in the 1970s. I’d forgotten about it, but perhaps a part of my subconscious stored the title away as being eye-catching.

Since then, I’ve been diligent in checking that my chosen titles aren’t the same as previously published novels—as well as finding out if my characters’ names already prowl the pages of famous works of literature.

Having a book title that lifts a familiar phrase can be an effective ‘hook’, (even if it’s only subliminally), to make people remember it. A good example is John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, which was suggested by his wife Carol after he had difficulties thinking of something. It’s taken from The Battle Hymn of the Republic, by Julia Ward Howe:

Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord:
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:
His truth is marching on.

Having exactly the same book title as a bestseller can have unexpected sales benefits, as the startled author of a military history book recently discovered.

Have you used quotes, lyrics from songs, lines from verse or existing book titles as inspiration for your own novel’s title?

Sturgeon’s Law

I came across a reference to Sturgeon’s Law, which has made me more philosophical about getting worked up when I read a book that is so bad that I can’t believe it got published.

Apparently, someone commented to the noted science fiction writer Theodore Sturgeonthat ninety percent of science fiction was crud, to which he retorted, “But, 90% of everything is crud.”

Image result for theodore sturgeon

For me, a book needs to be a key that opens something within me. If the teeth don’t line up with the tumblers of my soul, then I reject it…though, it may unlock doors for other readers. As the old saying goes, ‘One man’s trash is another man’s treasure.’

It’s still a shame that many best-selling books are so badly written!

Best keep my book throwing skills intact….

Parody=Success

For a writer to achieve great success, their main character(s) and storyline need to be readily parodyable. Initially, this notion may sound offensive, but just think of the comedic interpretations that have been made of these well-known stories and characters:

* JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series

* James Bond

* Frankenstein’s Monster

* Count Dracula

* The 50 Shades series

* Sherlock Holmes

* The Hobbit & The Lord of the Rings

* Miss Marple & Inspector Clouseau

* Tarzan of the Apes

* Long John Silver from Treasure Island

* Enid Blyton’s The Famous Five

* Superheroes: Batman, Superman, Wonder Woman and, increasingly, Wolverine.

All of these characters are popular because they make people feel good, and perhaps because they’re also slightly intimidating, they’re parodied—adding to their popularity. All of them are instantly recognisable as cartoons, many as head emojis or Lego figures and all are used as shorthand ways to describe people’s behaviour or appearance. Iconic is an overused word, but these icons are lampooned in an affectionate way.

These characters are larger than the story, entering popular culture. Many people recognise the character, even if they haven’t read the original book. For instance, most interpretations of a pirate hinge on the wooden leg and parrot of Long John Silver, along with the daft ‘pirate voice’ saying things such as “Ah, Jim lad, it’s the Black Spot, which came from actor Robert Newton’s West Country accent.

How could this affect our own writing? My protagonist, Chief Inspector Neil Kettle is increasingly eccentric as he redefines himself after being widowed, also seeking relaxing distractions from his job, some of which help him tackle cases in oblique ways. Thus, he paints watercolours, meditates, listens to a wide variety of music, has taken up the guitar, is a keen naturalist and wildlife gardener. He rides a menacing black chopper motorcycle. He’s a copper on a chopper!

Image result for big bear choppers

I wanted to create a different type of detective, and Neil Kettle is a left-wing/Green party, Bohemian/Hippy artist who’s tapped into the pagan and farming community. Clothing-wise, he favours leather and wax-proof cotton jackets and floor-length highwayman’s coats. Whether any of these quirks make him worthy of being parodied, I don’t know….

Some writers’ physical looks become a parodyable logo. Jon Ronson writes quirky books investigating things such as psychopaths, public shaming, military use of hypnotism, extremists and craziness. His publisher has used his quizzical appearance on the covers of his books:

Do you have any fictional protagonists who could become instantly recognisable parodies, through their physical appearance, clothing or behaviour?

How do you feel about becoming a marketing tool yourself, with your head turned into a lurid cartoon?

Smart One-Liners

I first became aware of smart one-liners as a child, watching film classics on television, many of them film noir movies from the 1940s and 1950s, starring such actors as Robert Mitchum, Humphrey Bogart, Gloria Graham, Rita Hayworth and Dick Powell.

Hardboiled novels by Raymond Chandler, Dashiell Hammett and James M. Cain were turned into films. More recently, Walter Mosley, Sara Paretsky, Sue Grafton, Robert B. Parker and Mickey Spillane have continued the fiction noir genre of solitary, wisecracking private investigators. Their work has also provided a rich resource for film scripts. Mickey Spillane actually played his signature detective character Mike Hammer in one film.

It’s always a tricky problem, for a writer to decide how much detail to use for their protagonist’s looks and behaviour, but these authors have a knack for summing things up in amusing and observant quips. In Farewell My Lovely featuring Raymond Chandler’s hard-drinking private eye Philip Marlowe, a client called Lindsay Marriott asks the detective to accompany him on a rendezvous but won’t say why. Marlowe suggests, “You just want me to go along and hold your hat?” which annoys Marriott:

I’m afraid I don’t like your manner,he said, using the edge of his voice.
I’ve had complaints about it, I said. But nothing seems to do any good.

In Key Largo, a film adaptation of a stage play, Humphrey Bogart observes: “When your head says one thing and your whole life says another, your head always loses.”

In a 1956 film The Killing, which was based on a novel, a veteran criminal planning one last big heist, dismisses his wife with, “You like money. You’ve got a great big dollar sign there where most women have a heart.”

It’s not just noir movies and pulp fiction that contain brilliant one-liners. In Gone With The Wind, Rhett Butler is giving Scarlett O’Hara an admiring glance:

Scarlett: “Cathleen, Who’s that?”

Cathleen Calvert: “Who?”

Scarlett: “That man looking at us and smiling. The nasty, dark one.”

Cathleen Calvert: “My dear, don’t you know? That’s Rhett Butler. He’s from Charleston. He has the most terrible reputation.”

Scarlett: “He looks as if…as if he knows what I look like without my shimmy.”

I love the last line, which is telling of Rhett’s lasciviousness, as well as revealing Scarlett’s self-awareness of her sexual allure, that she’s used to manipulate puppy dog male admirers, but which is about to be tested properly for the first time by a real hound of a man.

In my own writing, I tend to approach character description in a roundabout and subtle way, not giving overt and detailed descriptions of someone’s height, hair colour, weight, complexion, etc, as soon as they make their first appearance. I try to use witty observations by my protagonist detective as a shorthand way of saying what someone looks like, as well as providing humour and an insight into his character.

To tighten my descriptive writing, I’ve been reading Mickey Spillane and Walter Mosley, who are masterful at snappy dialogue. Take this description from Spillane’s The Big Kiss which reads like an astringent daisy chain of one-liners,It was one of those nights when the sky came down and wrapped itself around the world. The rain clawed at the windows of the bar like an angry cat and tried to sneak in every time some drunk lurched in the door. The place reeked of stale beer and soggy men with enough cheap perfume thrown in to make you sick.’

Walter Mosley, in Debbie Doesn’t Do It Anymore, has his protagonist, a black porn queen observe: “Love makes you blind to your own survival. And if it doesn’t then it’s not love at all.”

From my own Cornish Detective novels:

Of a greedy massage parlour owner: ‘Caradoc kept quiet, his cheeks pouching as he thrust an underslung jaw forward like the drawer of a cash register.’

Of the massage parlour owner’s henchman: ‘Men as heavily scarred as him carried a warning notice that they’d survived their wounds, and were capable of inflicting similar damage. He radiated malevolence. Fuck with me, and I’ll fuck with you.’

Of a shifty police informer: ‘His skinny acned appearance proved it. He’d given a home to a moustache which looked about to continue its wandering at any moment.’

Of an elderly, unflappable barmaid: ‘Karla was a university student in her final year, who helped out in the vacations, while Doreen was three times older, a veteran barmaid who’d seen it all and done quite a lot of it as well.’

Whatever you call them—wisecracks, witticisms, quips, one-liners—such stylistic flourishes help to make a writer’s voice.

Do you use them? Examples, please.

Do they get on your nerves or do you like them?

Do you have any favourites from famous books?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In Praise of the Semicolon

Semicolons confuse many writers—though probably not readers—who skim over details that cause us agony!

In his 2005 collection of essays, A Man Without a Country, Kurt Vonnegut said:

Here is a lesson in creative writing. The first rule: Do not use semicolons. They are transvestite hermaphrodites representing absolutely nothing. All they do is show you’ve been to college.”

He may have been writing mischievously, as it’s certainly one of the most disingenuous things he said, for Vonnegut attended several colleges and universities as a student, then worked as a professor, including at Harvard University.

I like semicolons, for they come in useful for expressing an afterthought. I don’t make excessive use of them, perhaps once every ten pages. They have a fascinating history, for they’re a relatively modern piece of punctuation that came about as a result of a drunken bet between Benjamin Disraeli and Lewis Carroll.

From Quora:

In 1871, two writers, Lewis Carroll and Benjamin Disraeli, were drinking together in a tavern in Oxford. Carroll argued that there were no more innovations to be made in literature and that the art form was more or less dead. Disraeli declared that he could create an entirely new punctuation mark and have it accepted within 5 years. They wagered a Nebuchadnezzar of fine Bordeaux wine on the attempt. Disraeli drew a period and a comma on a napkin and although he meant to draw them side by side, his hand was shaking and he accidentally drew the period above the comma. He liked the effect and this is how it has remained.

Its usage was somewhat in debate at first. Disraeli first declared that it was designated for “full stops that have not yet a full-committal” or as Punctuation Daily editor Mark Groobinsky put it, “when you think you want to stop, but you’re not sure.” It would take fifty years or more before the modern usage of the semicolon came into standard practice.

Over the next few years, Disraeli included this new mark in all his writings and even gave talks on it. Initially, he called it the ‘perio-comma’ but it was later renamed ‘semicolon’ since it “partially resembles that particular body part.”

The semicolon was slow in catching on and Disraeli eventually lost his bet. However, by the turn of the twentieth century, the semicolon was an accepted punctuation mark.

The semicolon is also appearing on people’s skin, as a tattoo to indicate the wearer’s struggles with mental illness, especially depression and anxiety.

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Whether it’s ink on the skin or on the page, I like the semicolon, agreeing with essayist Lewis Thomas, who observed:

It is almost always a greater pleasure to come across a semicolon than a period. The period tells you that that is that; if you didn’t get all the meaning you wanted or expected, anyway you got all the writer intended to parcel out and now you have to move along. But with a semicolon there you get a pleasant little feeling of expectancy; there is more to come; read on; it will get clearer.”

Even Stephen King likes using them:

Words create sentences; sentences create paragraphs; sometimes paragraphs quicken and begin to breathe.

~from Stephen King’s On Writing

Do you use semicolons?

Are there any other punctuation marks that cause you trauma?

Who Are your Readers?

Who do you think that you’re writing your books for? If you can make the fantasy of getting published come true, and your debut story begins to sell, then who will your readers be?

Ideally, a writer should have considered this notion while planning their novel, and certainly while writing it. Market research of demographics by age and gender, and other factors such as education level, can reveal some surprising information. In my chosen genre of crime fiction, I already knew, from having worked as a librarian, that it was popular with women of a ‘certain age’. As this chart shows 28% of readers are 65+, and combining the next two age groups 35% are 45-64 years-old:

OPEN CHART https://www.statista.com/statistics/327441/mystery-crime-book-readers-by-age-usa/

This article states that gender-wise 68% of readers of thrillers and crime novels are female. Women read more than men, anyway, especially when it comes to fiction, though overall the disparity isn’t that huge.

One of the joys of reading is that it’s a personal and private activity. We’re transported into another world through the portal of a book. Kindles were so successful because they further disguised what a person was reading—surely, part of the reason for the success of the Fifty Shades series—how many folks would openly read erotica in printed book form?

It’s impossible to predict what sort of books someone likes just be looking at them. I once knew a scientist-engineer-inventor, who, with his spectacles, wild white hair and shabby suit, would have been ideal casting for the role of the dotty professor in a children’s movie. A bachelor, he led a low-key life, driving a modest car and living in an unspectacular house, despite being a multi-millionaire from various industrial patents he owned. Had I guessed at his chosen fiction preference, I’d have said hard science-fiction with a strong factual base, for he was keenly interested in astronomy and space travel. I was surprised to learn, that he was actually a devotee of vintage pulp fiction, trashy dime novels with lurid cover illustrations, especially Westerns.

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In my own writing, I aim towards mature readers who are probably also experienced readers. I don’t dumb things down to the level of those browsing for a quick snack—though perhaps I should—if I want to make huge sales. There isn’t any point in writing crime stories featuring a trendy young detective, aimed at non-existent youthful readers. My Cornish Detective novels have a strong sense of place, using real locations and including the geology, history, flora and fauna and myths and legends that people love about the county. I deliberately trade on Cornwall’s image, as it’s one of those places that’s known worldwide. I‘ll be relying on Cornwall‘s popularity when marketing my stories.

Any genre contains sub-genres, so my novels might also appeal to crime readers who favour forensic and police procedural stories, though they’re certainly not cosy mysteries and nor are they hard-boiled private investigator thrillers. I enjoy laying false trails, slippery with red herrings, making my reader pick their way through the psychological elements.

Beyond that, I don’t know who will read my books.

How about you?

Are you writing for those seeking an undemanding distraction, or for dedicated fans of your chosen genre?

What life lessons are you trying to teach in your stories, especially those aimed at young readers?

Can you imagine meeting your readers? There’s a reading group at my local library, comprised of eight women of mature years, who I try not to overhear as I search the shelves for fresh reading matter. In ten years, I’ve never seen a man in the group. Their comments are often bizarre and off topic, but one element that I have noticed about their reaction to a novel is how the story made them feel. Also, the relationship between a strong protagonist and antagonist animates the discussion.

I sometimes imagine them pulling my novels apart, should they ever be published….

I’ve begged the librarians not to out me as a novelist!

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